public class DamselRescuingKnight implements Knight {
  private RescueDamselQuest quest;
    public DamselRescuingKnight() {
      this.quest = new RescueDamselQuest(); // 紧耦合
    }
    public void embarkOnQuest() {
      quest.embark();
    } 
}

public class BraveKnight implements Knight {
    private Quest quest;
    public BraveKnight(Quest quest) {
      this.quest = quest; // 构造器注入
  }
    public void embarkOnQuest() {
      quest.embark();
  } 
  public void setQuest(Quest quest) {
    this.quest = quest; // setter注入
  }
}

import org.springframework.context.support.
ClassPathXmlApplicationContext;
public class KnightMain {
  public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {
    ClassPathXmlApplicationContext context =
Load Spring context
Get knight bean
          new ClassPathXmlApplicationContext(
            "META-INF/spring/knight.xml");
    Knight knight = context.getBean(Knight.class);
    knight.embarkOnQuest();
     context.close();
  }
}

import java.io.PrintStream;
public class Minstrel {
  private PrintStream stream;
    public Minstrel(PrintStream stream) {
      this.stream = stream;
  }
    public void singBeforeQuest() {
      stream.println("Fa la la, the knight is so brave!");
  }
    public void singAfterQuest() {
      stream.println("Tee hee hee, the brave knight " +
        "did embark on a quest!");
  } 
}

package com.springinaction.knights;
public class BraveKnight implements Knight {
    private Quest quest;
    private Minstrel minstrel;
    public BraveKnight(Quest quest, Minstrel minstrel) {
      this.quest = quest;
      this.minstrel = minstrel;
}
  public void embarkOnQuest() throws QuestException {
      minstrel.singBeforeQuest();
      quest.embark();
      minstrel.singAfterQuest();
  } 
}
//Should a knight manage his own minstrel?

public interface GumballMachineRemote extends Remote {
	public int getCount() throws RemoteException;
	public String getLocation() throws RemoteException;
	public State getState() throws RemoteException;
}

public interface State extends Serializable {
	public void insertQuarter();
	public void ejectQuarter();
	public void turnCrank();
	public void dispense();
}

public class NoQuarterState implements State {
    transient GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
    public NoQuarterState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You inserted a quarter");
		gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getHasQuarterState());
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You haven't inserted a quarter");
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("You turned, but there's no quarter");
	 }
 
	public void dispense() {
		System.out.println("You need to pay first");
	} 
 
	public String toString() {
		return "waiting for quarter";
	}
}

...

public class GumballMachine
		extends UnicastRemoteObject implements GumballMachineRemote 
{
	State soldOutState;
	State noQuarterState;
	State hasQuarterState;
	State soldState;
	State winnerState;
 
	State state = soldOutState;
	int count = 0;
 	String location;

	public GumballMachine(String location, int numberGumballs) throws RemoteException {
		soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
		noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
		hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
		soldState = new SoldState(this);
		winnerState = new WinnerState(this);

		this.count = numberGumballs;
 		if (numberGumballs > 0) {
			state = noQuarterState;
		} 
		this.location = location;
	}
 
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		state.insertQuarter();
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		state.ejectQuarter();
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		state.turnCrank();
		state.dispense();
	}

	void setState(State state) {
		this.state = state;
	}
 
	void releaseBall() {
		System.out.println("A gumball comes rolling out the slot...");
		if (count != 0) {
			count = count - 1;
		}
	}

	public void refill(int count) {
		this.count = count;
		state = noQuarterState;
	}
 
	public int getCount() {
		return count;
	}
 
    public State getState() {
        return state;
    }
 
    public String getLocation() {
        return location;
    }
  
    public State getSoldOutState() {
        return soldOutState;
    }

    public State getNoQuarterState() {
        return noQuarterState;
    }

    public State getHasQuarterState() {
        return hasQuarterState;
    }

    public State getSoldState() {
        return soldState;
    }

    public State getWinnerState() {
        return winnerState;
    }
 
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("\nMighty Gumball, Inc.");
		result.append("\nJava-enabled Standing Gumball Model #2004");
		result.append("\nInventory: " + count + " gumball");
		if (count != 1) {
			result.append("s");
		}
		result.append("\n");
		result.append("Machine is " + state + "\n");
		return result.toString();
	}
}

public class GumballMachineTestDrive {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		GumballMachineRemote gumballMachine = null;
		int count;

		if (args.length < 2) {
			System.out.println("GumballMachine <name> <inventory>");
 			System.exit(1);
		}

		try {
			count = Integer.parseInt(args[1]);

			gumballMachine = 
				new GumballMachine(args[0], count);
			Naming.rebind("//" + args[0] + "/gumballmachine", gumballMachine);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

public class GumballMonitor {
	GumballMachineRemote machine;
 
	public GumballMonitor(GumballMachineRemote machine) {
		this.machine = machine;
	}
 
	public void report() {
		try {
			System.out.println("Gumball Machine: " + machine.getLocation());
			System.out.println("Current inventory: " + machine.getCount() + " gumballs");
			System.out.println("Current state: " + machine.getState());
		} catch (RemoteException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
		}
	}
}

public class GumballMonitorTestDrive {
 
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		String[] location = {"rmi://santafe.mightygumball.com/gumballmachine",
		                     "rmi://boulder.mightygumball.com/gumballmachine",
		                     "rmi://seattle.mightygumball.com/gumballmachine"}; 
 
		GumballMonitor[] monitor = new GumballMonitor[location.length];
 
		for (int i=0;i < location.length; i++) {
			try {
           		GumballMachineRemote machine = 
						(GumballMachineRemote) Naming.lookup(location[i]);
           		monitor[i] = new GumballMonitor(machine);
				System.out.println(monitor[i]);
        	} catch (Exception e) {
            	e.printStackTrace();
        	}
		}
 
		for(int i=0; i < monitor.length; i++) {
			monitor[i].report();
		}
	}
}

class ImageProxy implements Icon {
	ImageIcon imageIcon;
	URL imageURL;
	Thread retrievalThread;
	boolean retrieving = false;
     
	public ImageProxy(URL url) { imageURL = url; }
     
	public int getIconWidth() {
		if (imageIcon != null) {
            return imageIcon.getIconWidth();
        } else {
			return 800;
		}
	}
 
	public int getIconHeight() {
		if (imageIcon != null) {
            return imageIcon.getIconHeight();
        } else {
			return 600;
		}
	}
     
	public void paintIcon(final Component c, Graphics  g, int x,  int y) {
		if (imageIcon != null) {
			imageIcon.paintIcon(c, g, x, y);
		} else {
			g.drawString("Loading CD cover, please wait...", x+300, y+190);
			if (!retrieving) {
				retrieving = true;

				retrievalThread = new Thread(new Runnable() {
					public void run() {
						try {
							imageIcon = new ImageIcon(imageURL, "CD Cover");
							c.repaint();
						} catch (Exception e) {
							e.printStackTrace();
						}
					}
				});
				retrievalThread.start();
			}
		}
	}
}

class ImageComponent extends JComponent {
	private Icon icon;

	public ImageComponent(Icon icon) {
		this.icon = icon;
	}

	public void setIcon(Icon icon) {
		this.icon = icon;
	}

	public void paintComponent(Graphics g) {
		super.paintComponent(g);
		int w = icon.getIconWidth();
		int h = icon.getIconHeight();
		int x = (800 - w)/2;
		int y = (600 - h)/2;
		icon.paintIcon(this, g, x, y);
	}
}

public class ImageProxyTestDrive {
	ImageComponent imageComponent;
	JFrame frame = new JFrame("CD Cover Viewer");
    JMenuBar menuBar;
    JMenu menu;
	Hashtable cds = new Hashtable();
 
	public static void main (String[] args) throws Exception {
		ImageProxyTestDrive testDrive = new ImageProxyTestDrive();
	}
 
	public ImageProxyTestDrive() throws Exception{
		cds.put("Ambient: Music for Airports","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000003S2K.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");
        cds.put("Buddha Bar","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B00009XBYK.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");
        cds.put("Ima","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000005IRM.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");
        cds.put("Karma","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000005DCB.01.LZZZZZZZ.gif");
        cds.put("MCMXC A.D.","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000002URV.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");
        cds.put("Northern Exposure","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000003SFN.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");
        cds.put("Selected Ambient Works, Vol. 2","http://images.amazon.com/images/P/B000002MNZ.01.LZZZZZZZ.jpg");

		URL initialURL = new URL((String)cds.get("Selected Ambient Works, Vol. 2"));
		menuBar = new JMenuBar();
		menu = new JMenu("Favorite CDs");
        menuBar.add(menu);
        frame.setJMenuBar(menuBar);

		for(Enumeration e = cds.keys(); e.hasMoreElements();) {
			String name = (String)e.nextElement();
        	JMenuItem menuItem = new JMenuItem(name);
        	menu.add(menuItem); 
        	menuItem.addActionListener(new ActionListener() {
          		  public void actionPerformed(ActionEvent event) {
           		     imageComponent.setIcon(new ImageProxy(getCDUrl(event.getActionCommand())));
					frame.repaint();
           	      }
        	});
		}
 		
		// set up frame and menus
 
		Icon icon = new ImageProxy(initialURL);
		imageComponent = new ImageComponent(icon);
		frame.getContentPane().add(imageComponent);
		frame.setDefaultCloseOperation(JFrame.EXIT_ON_CLOSE);
		frame.setSize(800,600);
		frame.setVisible(true);

	}

	URL getCDUrl(String name) {
		try {
			return new URL((String)cds.get(name));
		} catch (MalformedURLException e) {
			e.printStackTrace();
			return null;
		}
	}
}

public interface PersonBean {
 
	String getName();
	String getGender();
	String getInterests();
	int getHotOrNotRating();
 
    void setName(String name);
    void setGender(String gender);
    void setInterests(String interests);
    void setHotOrNotRating(int rating); 
 
}

public class PersonBeanImpl implements PersonBean {
	String name;
	String gender;
	String interests;
	int rating;
	int ratingCount = 0;
  
	public String getName() {
		return name;	
	} 
  
	public String getGender() {
		return gender;
	}
  
	public String getInterests() {
		return interests;
	}
   
	public int getHotOrNotRating() {
		if (ratingCount == 0) return 0;
		return (rating/ratingCount);
	}
  
 
	public void setName(String name) {
		this.name = name;
	}
 
	public void setGender(String gender) {
		this.gender = gender;
	} 
  
	public void setInterests(String interests) {
		this.interests = interests;
	} 
  
	public void setHotOrNotRating(int rating) {
		this.rating += rating;	
		ratingCount++;
	}
}

public class OwnerInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler { 
	PersonBean person;
 
	public OwnerInvocationHandler(PersonBean person) {
		this.person = person;
	}
 
	public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) 
			throws IllegalAccessException {
  
		try {
			if (method.getName().startsWith("get")) {
				return method.invoke(person, args);
   			} else if (method.getName().equals("setHotOrNotRating")) {
				throw new IllegalAccessException();
			} else if (method.getName().startsWith("set")) {
				return method.invoke(person, args);
			} 
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
		return null;
	}
}

public class NonOwnerInvocationHandler implements InvocationHandler { 
	PersonBean person;
 
	public NonOwnerInvocationHandler(PersonBean person) {
		this.person = person;
	}
 
	public Object invoke(Object proxy, Method method, Object[] args) 
			throws IllegalAccessException {
  
		try {
			if (method.getName().startsWith("get")) {
				return method.invoke(person, args);
   			} else if (method.getName().equals("setHotOrNotRating")) {
				return method.invoke(person, args);
			} else if (method.getName().startsWith("set")) {
				throw new IllegalAccessException();
			} 
        } catch (InvocationTargetException e) {
            e.printStackTrace();
        } 
		return null;
	}
}

public class MatchMakingTestDrive {
	Hashtable datingDB = new Hashtable();
 	
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		MatchMakingTestDrive test = new MatchMakingTestDrive();
		test.drive();
	}
 
	public MatchMakingTestDrive() {
		initializeDatabase();
	}

	public void drive() {
		PersonBean joe = getPersonFromDatabase("Joe Javabean"); 
		PersonBean ownerProxy = getOwnerProxy(joe);
		System.out.println("Name is " + ownerProxy.getName());
		ownerProxy.setInterests("bowling, Go");
		System.out.println("Interests set from owner proxy");
		try {
			ownerProxy.setHotOrNotRating(10);
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("Can't set rating from owner proxy");
		}
		System.out.println("Rating is " + ownerProxy.getHotOrNotRating());

		PersonBean nonOwnerProxy = getNonOwnerProxy(joe);
		System.out.println("Name is " + nonOwnerProxy.getName());
		try {
			nonOwnerProxy.setInterests("bowling, Go");
		} catch (Exception e) {
			System.out.println("Can't set interests from non owner proxy");
		}
		nonOwnerProxy.setHotOrNotRating(3);
		System.out.println("Rating set from non owner proxy");
		System.out.println("Rating is " + nonOwnerProxy.getHotOrNotRating());
	}

	PersonBean getOwnerProxy(PersonBean person) {
 		
        return (PersonBean) Proxy.newProxyInstance( 
            	person.getClass().getClassLoader(),
            	person.getClass().getInterfaces(),
                new OwnerInvocationHandler(person));
	}

	// 获得这个对象的代理对象
	PersonBean getNonOwnerProxy(PersonBean person) {
		
        return (PersonBean) Proxy.newProxyInstance(
            	person.getClass().getClassLoader(),
            	person.getClass().getInterfaces(),
                new NonOwnerInvocationHandler(person));
	}

	PersonBean getPersonFromDatabase(String name) {
		return (PersonBean)datingDB.get(name);
	}

	void initializeDatabase() {
		PersonBean joe = new PersonBeanImpl();
		joe.setName("Joe Javabean");
		joe.setInterests("cars, computers, music");
		joe.setHotOrNotRating(7);
		datingDB.put(joe.getName(), joe);

		PersonBean kelly = new PersonBeanImpl();
		kelly.setName("Kelly Klosure");
		kelly.setInterests("ebay, movies, music");
		kelly.setHotOrNotRating(6);
		datingDB.put(kelly.getName(), kelly);
	}
}

package jws;

import javax.jws.WebParam;
import javax.jws.WebService;

@WebService  
public interface HelloWorld {  
     
   public String sayHello(@WebParam(name="who") String who);  
     
}

package jws;

import javax.jws.WebMethod;
import javax.jws.WebService;

// endpointInterface用于指定实现的接口
// 同时也设定了服务的targetName和name，后面client定位这个服务时需要用到

@WebService(endpointInterface = "jws.HelloWorld")
public class HelloWorldImpl implements HelloWorld { 
	     
	   @Override  
	   @WebMethod(exclude=true)  
	   public String sayHello(String who) {  
	      return"Hello, " + who;  
	   }  
	   
	}

package jws;

import javax.xml.ws.Endpoint;


public class ServerTest {
    
    public static void deployService() {
        System.out.println("Server start ……");
        HelloWorld service = new HelloWorldImpl();
        String address = "http://localhost:9999/ws/hello";
        Endpoint.publish(address, service);
    }
    
    public static void main(String[] args) throws InterruptedException {
        deployService();
        System.out.println("server ready ……");
        Thread.sleep(1000 * 60);
        System.out.println("server exiting");
        System.exit(0);
    }
}

package client;

import java.net.MalformedURLException;
import java.net.URL;

import javax.xml.namespace.QName;
import javax.xml.ws.Service;

import jws.HelloWorld;

public class Client {
	public static void main(String[] args) {
		URL url = null;
        try {
            url = new URL("http://localhost:9999/ws/hello?wsdl");
        } catch (MalformedURLException e) {
            java.util.logging.Logger.getLogger(HelloWorld.class.getName())
                .log(java.util.logging.Level.INFO, 
                     "Can not initialize the default wsdl from {0}", "http://localhost:9000/helloWorld?wsdl");
        }
        
        QName qname = new QName("http://jws/", "HelloWorldImplService");
        
        Service service = Service.create(url, qname);
        
        HelloWorld hw = service.getPort(HelloWorld.class);
        System.out.println(hw.sayHello("World"));
	}
}

HelloServiceImpl impl = new HelloServiceImpl();
JaxWsServerFactoryBean factoryBean = newJaxWsServerFactoryBean();
factoryBean.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/WSCXF/helloService");
factoryBean.setServiceClass(IHelloService.class);//接口类
factoryBean.setServiceBean(impl);
factoryBean.create();
System.out.println("WS发布成功！");

JaxWsProxyFactoryBean soapFactoryBean = newJaxWsProxyFactoryBean();
soapFactoryBean.setAddress("http://localhost:8080/WSCXF/helloService");
soapFactoryBean.setServiceClass(IHelloService.class);
Object o = soapFactoryBean.create();
IHelloService helloService = (IHelloService)o;

public class GumballMachine {
 
	final static int SOLD_OUT = 0;
	final static int NO_QUARTER = 1;
	final static int HAS_QUARTER = 2;
	final static int SOLD = 3;
 
	int state = SOLD_OUT;
	int count = 0;
  
	public GumballMachine(int count) {
		this.count = count;
		if (count > 0) {
			state = NO_QUARTER;
		}
	}
  
	public void insertQuarter() {
		if (state == HAS_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("You can't insert another quarter");
		} else if (state == NO_QUARTER) {
			state = HAS_QUARTER;
			System.out.println("You inserted a quarter");
		} else if (state == SOLD_OUT) {
			System.out.println("You can't insert a quarter, the machine is sold out");
		} else if (state == SOLD) {
        	System.out.println("Please wait, we're already giving you a gumball");
		}
	}

	public void ejectQuarter() {
		if (state == HAS_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("Quarter returned");
			state = NO_QUARTER;
		} else if (state == NO_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("You haven't inserted a quarter");
		} else if (state == SOLD) {
			System.out.println("Sorry, you already turned the crank");
		} else if (state == SOLD_OUT) {
        	System.out.println("You can't eject, you haven't inserted a quarter yet");
		}
	}
 

 
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		if (state == SOLD) {
			System.out.println("Turning twice doesn't get you another gumball!");
		} else if (state == NO_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("You turned but there's no quarter");
		} else if (state == SOLD_OUT) {
			System.out.println("You turned, but there are no gumballs");
		} else if (state == HAS_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("You turned...");
			state = SOLD;
			dispense();
		}
	}
 
	public void dispense() {
		if (state == SOLD) {
			System.out.println("A gumball comes rolling out the slot");
			count = count - 1;
			if (count == 0) {
				System.out.println("Oops, out of gumballs!");
				state = SOLD_OUT;
			} else {
				state = NO_QUARTER;
			}
		} else if (state == NO_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("You need to pay first");
		} else if (state == SOLD_OUT) {
			System.out.println("No gumball dispensed");
		} else if (state == HAS_QUARTER) {
			System.out.println("No gumball dispensed");
		}
	}
 
	public void refill(int numGumBalls) {
		this.count = numGumBalls;
		state = NO_QUARTER;
	}

	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("\nMighty Gumball, Inc.");
		result.append("\nJava-enabled Standing Gumball Model #2004\n");
		result.append("Inventory: " + count + " gumball");
		if (count != 1) {
			result.append("s");
		}
		result.append("\nMachine is ");
		if (state == SOLD_OUT) {
			result.append("sold out");
		} else if (state == NO_QUARTER) {
			result.append("waiting for quarter");
		} else if (state == HAS_QUARTER) {
			result.append("waiting for turn of crank");
		} else if (state == SOLD) {
			result.append("delivering a gumball");
		}
		result.append("\n");
		return result.toString();
	}
}

public class GumballMachineTestDrive {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		GumballMachine gumballMachine = new GumballMachine(5);

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.ejectQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();
		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();
		gumballMachine.ejectQuarter();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();
		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();
		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);
	}
}

public interface State {
 
	public void insertQuarter();
	public void ejectQuarter();
	public void turnCrank();
	public void dispense();
}

public class NoQuarterState implements State {
    GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
    public NoQuarterState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You inserted a quarter");
		gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getHasQuarterState());
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You haven't inserted a quarter");
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("You turned, but there's no quarter");
	 }
 
	public void dispense() {
		System.out.println("You need to pay first");
	} 
 
	public String toString() {
		return "waiting for quarter";
	}
}

public class HasQuarterState implements State {
	GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
	public HasQuarterState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
		this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
	}
  
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You can't insert another quarter");
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("Quarter returned");
		gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("You turned...");
		gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldState());
	}

    public void dispense() {
        System.out.println("No gumball dispensed");
    }
 
	public String toString() {
		return "waiting for turn of crank";
	}
}

public class SoldState implements State {
 
    GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
    public SoldState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
       
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("Please wait, we're already giving you a gumball");
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("Sorry, you already turned the crank");
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("Turning twice doesn't get you another gumball!");
	}
 
	public void dispense() {
		gumballMachine.releaseBall();
		if (gumballMachine.getCount() > 0) {
			gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
		} else {
			System.out.println("Oops, out of gumballs!");
			gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
		}
	}
 
	public String toString() {
		return "dispensing a gumball";
	}
}

public class SoldOutState implements State {
    GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
    public SoldOutState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You can't insert a quarter, the machine is sold out");
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("You can't eject, you haven't inserted a quarter yet");
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("You turned, but there are no gumballs");
	}
 
	public void dispense() {
		System.out.println("No gumball dispensed");
	}
 
	public String toString() {
		return "sold out";
	}
}

public class GumballMachine {
 
	State soldOutState;
	State noQuarterState;
	State hasQuarterState;
	State soldState;
 
	State state = soldOutState;
	int count = 0;
 
	public GumballMachine(int numberGumballs) {
		soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
		noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
		hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
		soldState = new SoldState(this);

		this.count = numberGumballs;
 		if (numberGumballs > 0) {
			state = noQuarterState;
		} 
	}
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		state.insertQuarter();
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		state.ejectQuarter();
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		state.turnCrank();
		state.dispense();
	}

	void setState(State state) {
		this.state = state;
	}
 
	void releaseBall() {
		System.out.println("A gumball comes rolling out the slot...");
		if (count != 0) {
			count = count - 1;
		}
	}
 
	int getCount() {
		return count;
	}
 
	void refill(int count) {
		this.count = count;
		state = noQuarterState;
	}

    public State getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public State getSoldOutState() {
        return soldOutState;
    }

    public State getNoQuarterState() {
        return noQuarterState;
    }

    public State getHasQuarterState() {
        return hasQuarterState;
    }

    public State getSoldState() {
        return soldState;
    }
 
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("\nMighty Gumball, Inc.");
		result.append("\nJava-enabled Standing Gumball Model #2004");
		result.append("\nInventory: " + count + " gumball");
		if (count != 1) {
			result.append("s");
		}
		result.append("\n");
		result.append("Machine is " + state + "\n");
		return result.toString();
	}
}

public class GumballMachineTestDrive {

	public static void main(String[] args) {
		GumballMachine gumballMachine = new GumballMachine(5);

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);

		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();
		gumballMachine.insertQuarter();
		gumballMachine.turnCrank();

		System.out.println(gumballMachine);
	}
}

public class GumballMachine {
 
	State soldOutState;
	State noQuarterState;
	State hasQuarterState;
	State soldState;
	State winnerState;
 
	State state = soldOutState;
	int count = 0;
 
	public GumballMachine(int numberGumballs) {
		soldOutState = new SoldOutState(this);
		noQuarterState = new NoQuarterState(this);
		hasQuarterState = new HasQuarterState(this);
		soldState = new SoldState(this);
		winnerState = new WinnerState(this);

		this.count = numberGumballs;
 		if (numberGumballs > 0) {
			state = noQuarterState;
		} 
	}
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		state.insertQuarter();
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		state.ejectQuarter();
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		state.turnCrank();
		state.dispense();
	}

	void setState(State state) {
		this.state = state;
	}
 
	void releaseBall() {
		System.out.println("A gumball comes rolling out the slot...");
		if (count != 0) {
			count = count - 1;
		}
	}
 
	int getCount() {
		return count;
	}
 
	void refill(int count) {
		this.count = count;
		state = noQuarterState;
	}

    public State getState() {
        return state;
    }

    public State getSoldOutState() {
        return soldOutState;
    }

    public State getNoQuarterState() {
        return noQuarterState;
    }

    public State getHasQuarterState() {
        return hasQuarterState;
    }

    public State getSoldState() {
        return soldState;
    }

    public State getWinnerState() {
        return winnerState;
    }
 
	public String toString() {
		StringBuffer result = new StringBuffer();
		result.append("\nMighty Gumball, Inc.");
		result.append("\nJava-enabled Standing Gumball Model #2004");
		result.append("\nInventory: " + count + " gumball");
		if (count != 1) {
			result.append("s");
		}
		result.append("\n");
		result.append("Machine is " + state + "\n");
		return result.toString();
	}
}

public class WinnerState implements State {
    GumballMachine gumballMachine;
 
    public WinnerState(GumballMachine gumballMachine) {
        this.gumballMachine = gumballMachine;
    }
 
	public void insertQuarter() {
		System.out.println("Please wait, we're already giving you a Gumball");
	}
 
	public void ejectQuarter() {
		System.out.println("Please wait, we're already giving you a Gumball");
	}
 
	public void turnCrank() {
		System.out.println("Turning again doesn't get you another gumball!");
	}
 
	public void dispense() {
		System.out.println("YOU'RE A WINNER! You get two gumballs for your quarter");
		gumballMachine.releaseBall();
		if (gumballMachine.getCount() == 0) {
			gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
		} else {
			gumballMachine.releaseBall();
			if (gumballMachine.getCount() > 0) {
				gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getNoQuarterState());
			} else {
            	System.out.println("Oops, out of gumballs!");
				gumballMachine.setState(gumballMachine.getSoldOutState());
			}
		}
	}
 
	public String toString() {
		return "despensing two gumballs for your quarter, because YOU'RE A WINNER!";
	}
}